Fractals are entities which are made up of smaller examples of themselves. They can be used to produce realistic looking objects.
In some examples below, the fractal is formed from an 'initiator', which is a series of lines. Then each line in the initiator is replaced by the 'generator', which itself is a series of lines. Thus more lines are produced, each of which is replaced by the generator ... The initiator and generator are also shown. You specify how many times the lines are replaced.
The Pythagoras tree (both regular and irregular) is also given: Each branch has two branches added. The regular 'square' version is also shown.
The famous Barnsley Fern is shown .. this is achieved by plotting many dots, each calculated from the previous dot's place.
Also shown are Sierpinski space filling curves - made up of four mutually recursive shapes. These are A, B, C, D and, A for instance is A, \, B, _, D, /, A.